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@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
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- Status: Accepted
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- Date: 2026-08-24
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- Session lifetime superseded by: [0056](0056-device-credentials-last-while-in-use.md)
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- Extends: [0013](0013-core-authorization-and-owner-bootstrap.md),
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[0032](0032-native-module-realtime-transport.md),
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[0033](0033-display-kiosk-host-contract.md),
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@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
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# 0056: A device credential lasts while the device is in use
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- Status: Accepted
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- Date: 2026-10-12
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- Supersedes: the "Session lifetime" section of [0036](0036-managed-device-identity-and-pairing.md).
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Everything else in ADR 0036 — the device as its own principal, pairing, revocation on every
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request, re-pairing as a new identity — is unchanged.
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## Context
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ADR 0036 gave a device credential a fixed 180 days from pairing. The intent was that a screen on a
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ceiling should not need re-pairing on a short cycle, and that an abandoned screen should eventually
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stop being an identity.
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A fixed horizon does the second and fails the first. Every screen in the building expires on the
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anniversary of its pairing whether or not it was in use the day before, and drops to a pairing code
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in front of the congregation until someone with Dashboard access walks to it. For screens paired
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together, that is every screen at once. Nothing about a working, unrevoked screen is less trustworthy
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on day 181 than on day 179; only the calendar changed.
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## Decision
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**The 180 days are an idle window, not a lifetime.** A device credential is accepted while the
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device was last seen less than 180 days ago (or, if it has never been seen, was paired less than 180
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days ago). `lastSeenAt` already moves forward on authenticated device requests (throttled to one
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write per 15 minutes), so the server-side window slides with use and needs no new column or
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migration.
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**The browser's copy is renewed by the host, not rotated.** The display descriptor —
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`GET /api/v1/module-displays/<module>`, which every display requests when it starts, when it
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reconnects, and periodically while it runs — re-issues the device cookie that authenticated the
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request with a fresh 180-day `Max-Age` and the same attributes as at pairing (`HttpOnly`,
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`SameSite=Strict`, host-only, `Path=/`, `Secure` on https). The value is unchanged.
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Renewal happens only for a request that already resolved to a live, unrevoked device. A revoked,
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expired, or unknown credential is anonymous, as before, and is never renewed; a person viewing a
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display never receives a device cookie.
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**Revocation remains the boundary.** It is still checked on every request, and an administrator's
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revoke still takes effect immediately.
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## Why not rotate
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Rotation (issue a new value, invalidate the old) would bound how long any one stolen value works and
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could reveal a cloned credential. For an unattended screen it trades that for a new way to strand
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the display: a renewal response lost to a network drop, a power cut, or a browser that never
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persisted the new cookie leaves the screen holding a dead credential and showing a pairing code,
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which is the failure this decision exists to remove. A refresh-token scheme with overlap windows
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could avoid that, at the cost of real complexity in the one place mistakes are invisible until a
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wall goes dark. That is not justified while revocation is immediate and a device principal can only
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read the displays it was paired for.
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## Consequences
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- A screen that is used at least once every 180 days stays paired until an administrator revokes
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it. An abandoned screen still stops being an identity 180 days after it was last seen.
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- Existing credentials need no migration. A screen paired under the fixed rule is renewed the next
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time it requests its descriptor, provided its browser still holds the cookie.
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- A stolen device credential stays usable for as long as anyone keeps using it, until it is revoked.
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Under ADR 0036 it was usable for at most 180 days from pairing. The exposure is bounded by what a
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device may do — the display permissions of the module it was paired for, never a person's access
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— and by revocation. Operators can see each device's last-seen time and revoke anything
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unexpected.
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- A credential is not bound to a browser or network. Like a human session cookie, whoever presents
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it is the device.
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## Alternatives
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- **Keep the fixed 180 days.** Rejected: every in-use screen fails on a schedule, and screens paired
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together fail together.
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- **Never expire.** Rejected: an abandoned or forgotten screen would remain an identity forever, and
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its credential would never stop working without someone remembering to revoke it.
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- **Rotate on renewal.** Rejected for now; see above.
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- **Renew on every authenticated response.** Rejected: principal resolution happens deep in shared
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middleware that never writes responses. One endpoint every display already requests periodically
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is enough, and keeps the behaviour in one visible place.
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@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ ADRs capture durable choices that affect more than one package or phase.
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- [0033: Display UI is a separate, permission-gated module entrypoint](0033-display-kiosk-host-contract.md) — Accepted
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- [0034: Dashboard browser authentication is host-owned and principal-first](0034-host-owned-browser-authentication.md) — Accepted
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- [0035: The first platform owner is created by an operator command, never by a browser](0035-initial-platform-owner-bootstrap.md) — Accepted
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- [0036: A display device is its own principal, paired by an administrator](0036-managed-device-identity-and-pairing.md) — Accepted
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- [0036: A display device is its own principal, paired by an administrator](0036-managed-device-identity-and-pairing.md) — Accepted (session lifetime superseded by 0056)
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- [0037: Outbound email is a host-provided transport, and SMTP is its first provider](0037-host-provided-outbound-email.md) — Accepted
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- [0038: Email verification and password recovery, with a trusted-bootstrap exception](0038-email-verification-and-password-recovery.md) — Accepted
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- [0039: Shared design tokens and foundational elements](0039-shared-design-tokens-and-elements.md) — Accepted
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@@ -64,3 +64,4 @@ ADRs capture durable choices that affect more than one package or phase.
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- [0053: A module builds outside the monorepo, from Ekklesia packages published over the npm registry protocol](0053-standalone-module-development-packages.md) — Accepted
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- [0054: Ekklesia's module-development packages are publicly readable before launch](0054-public-package-reads-before-launch.md) — Accepted
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- [0055: Native redistributable packages carry corresponding-source artifacts](0055-corresponding-source-artifacts.md) — Accepted
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- [0056: A device credential lasts while the device is in use](0056-device-credentials-last-while-in-use.md) — Accepted
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