fix me lol

README.md

@@ -13,8 +13,10 @@ Two jobs:
 No MPV, no GStreamer, no OBS, no browser, no MQTT, no audio, no recording, no
 playback controls. One process that a launcher starts and kills.
 
-**Status:** the camera path is complete and verified on real hardware. The NDI
+**Status:** both input backends are implemented. The camera path is verified on
-backend is stubbed and reports that it is not implemented yet.
+the production hardware. The installed NDI 6 runtime and source discovery have
+also been verified; live ProPresenter video still needs a sender to be
+broadcasting for end-to-end validation.
 
 ---
 
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ backend is stubbed and reports that it is not implemented yet.
   suite with no extra machinery, and a long-running unattended process that
   parses frames off a USB bus benefits from bounds checking. The whole
   dependency tree is **two crates**: `sdl3-sys` and `libc`. V4L2, TurboJPEG and
-  (later) NDI are hand-written FFI, so there is no binding crate to rot.
+  NDI use small, hand-written FFI surfaces, so there is no binding crate to rot.
 * **SDL3** — the one portable way to get a borderless fullscreen GPU window on
   a *chosen* Wayland output without writing raw `xdg-shell` code. Used through
   `sdl3-sys` (raw FFI) rather than a safe wrapper, for direct control over
@@ -32,33 +34,52 @@ backend is stubbed and reports that it is not implemented yet.
 * **libjpeg-turbo (TurboJPEG API)** — SIMD MJPEG decode, and its
   `tj3DecompressToYUVPlanes8` hands back raw YUV planes so the CPU never does a
   colour conversion.
+* **NDI SDK** — official discovery and receive APIs, loaded only when an NDI
+  command runs. Audio and metadata output buffers are never requested.
 
 ### The pixel path
 
 The ATEM emits **baseline 4:2:2 JPEG**. Rather than decode to RGBA (4 bytes per
 pixel, CPU colour conversion), the planes are interleaved into packed **YUY2**
-(2 bytes per pixel) and uploaded to an SDL YUY2 texture, letting the GPU sampler
+(2 bytes per pixel) and uploaded to an SDL YUY2 texture. SDL's selected renderer
-convert. Half the upload bandwidth and no CPU matrix multiply.
+backend performs the YUV-to-output conversion. That avoids a CPU matrix
+conversion and halves upload bandwidth versus RGBA.
 
 ```
 MJPEG → TurboJPEG → Y/U/V planes → interleave to YUY2 → SDL texture → GPU
 ```
 
-4:2:0 sources skip even the interleave (planes go straight in as I420).
+4:2:0 camera sources skip even the interleave (planes go straight in as I420).
 Anything else (4:4:4, 4:4:0, 4:1:1, grayscale) falls back to packed BGRX.
 
+For NDI, the receiver requests `NDIlib_recv_color_format_fastest`. On this
+platform that preserves the SDK's native packed 4:2:2 path: UYVY without alpha,
+or UYVA when a sender advertises alpha. UYVA begins with an ordinary UYVY plane,
+so the unused alpha plane is ignored and the same two-byte-per-pixel region is
+copied into an SDL UYVY texture. The ATEM keys the green background; alpha is
+not needed.
+
+```
+ProPresenter NDI → libndi fastest UYVY/UYVA → SDL UYVY texture → selected output
+```
+
+SDL accepts the packed UYVY texture and chooses how to convert it for the active
+renderer. The application does not assume that every SDL renderer implements
+that conversion in a particular shader or GPU stage.
+
 ### Latency
 
-Two places drop stale data, both on purpose:
+Three places prevent stale data from accumulating, all on purpose:
 
 1. **Driver queue** — each wakeup drains every queued V4L2 buffer and decodes
    only the newest, returning the rest unread.
-2. **Frame slot** — a one-deep mailbox between the input thread and the
+2. **NDI receive queue** — after a blocking capture wakes, immediately available
+   video frames are drained and freed; only the newest is copied for display.
+3. **Frame slot** — a one-deep mailbox between the input thread and the
    renderer. Publishing a second frame throws the first away.
 
-A backlog can never form. If decoding falls behind, frames are dropped, not
+A backlog cannot grow in application memory. If capture, decoding, or display
-queued. Latency stays bounded by one capture interval plus one present
+falls behind, stale frames are dropped instead of replayed later.
-interval.
 
 ---
 
@@ -86,13 +107,24 @@ You must be in the `video` group to open capture devices:
 groups | grep -q video || sudo usermod -aG video "$USER"   # then log out and back in
 ```
 
-### NDI (phase 2, not yet wired up)
+### NDI runtime
 
-Download the **NDI SDK for Linux** from ndi.video, then either install its
+Download the **NDI SDK for Linux** from ndi.video and install its runtime
-`libndi.so.6` into `/usr/local/lib` and run `sudo ldconfig`, or point
+library on the system loader path. On the production Fedora machine it is:
-`LD_LIBRARY_PATH` at it. The SDK is not redistributable, so it is not vendored
+
-here. The receiver will load it at runtime via `dlopen`, so the camera path
+```
-keeps working on machines that do not have it.
+/usr/lib64/libndi.so.6
+```
+
+For an unpacked runtime elsewhere, set `NDI_RUNTIME_DIR_V6` to the directory
+containing `libndi.so.6`. The SDK is not redistributable, so neither its headers
+nor runtime are vendored here.
+
+The executable does not link against libndi. NDI commands load the runtime with
+`dlopen`/`dlsym` and resolve only the official find/receive entry points they
+use. Camera, display, device, help, and version commands therefore continue to
+work when NDI is absent. An NDI command instead exits with a clear NDI-specific
+loader error.
 
 ---
 
@@ -103,11 +135,11 @@ cargo build --release
 sudo install -m755 target/release/video-output /usr/local/bin/
 ```
 
-The release binary is about 560 KB.
+The release binary remains small and does not contain or bundle the NDI SDK.
 
 ---
 
-## Discovering devices and displays
+## Discovering inputs and displays
 
 ### Capture devices
 
@@ -138,6 +170,38 @@ This is the same information as `v4l2-ctl --list-formats-ext`, without needing
 > is structured so an uncompressed device would only need a new branch in
 > `pixel_format_for_fourcc`, not a restructure.
 
+### NDI sources
+
+Ask the NDI finder to collect advertisements for five seconds:
+
+```bash
+video-output ndi-sources
+```
+
+The command prints each full, human-readable name exactly as NDI advertises it.
+Use that full name for production configuration:
+
+```text
+1 source(s):
+  [0] PROPRESENTER-PC (ProPresenter Lower Thirds)  ndi://...
+```
+
+Discovery time can be set from 1 to 300 seconds. Repeat `--extra-ip` when a
+sender is reachable by unicast but mDNS discovery does not cross the network
+boundary:
+
+```bash
+video-output ndi-sources --timeout 10 \
+    --extra-ip 10.0.0.42 \
+    --extra-ip 10.0.1.42
+```
+
+`--source` uses the same deterministic matching policy as displays: an exact
+case-insensitive name first, then a unique prefix, then a unique substring.
+Ambiguity is an error rather than a guess. Omitting `--source` selects the first
+visible source, which is convenient for a bench test but not recommended for a
+production profile.
+
 ### Displays
 
 ```bash
@@ -175,8 +239,10 @@ preferred over indices, which shift when an output is hotplugged.
 Simplest possible form:
 
 ```bash
-video-output camera --device /dev/video0 --display BMD
+video-output camera --device /dev/video0 --display "Sceptre Tech Inc Sceptre F27"
-video-output ndi    --source "ProPresenter Lower Thirds" --display HDMI
+video-output ndi \
+    --source "<exact name printed by video-output ndi-sources>" \
+    --display "HXA BMD HDMI"
 ```
 
 Full options: `video-output --help`.
@@ -188,7 +254,9 @@ So the launcher only needs a stable word:
 ```bash
 sudo mkdir -p /etc/video-output
 sudo cp examples/multiview.toml /etc/video-output/
+sudo cp examples/lower-thirds.toml /etc/video-output/
 video-output multiview
+video-output lower-thirds
 ```
 
 A profile is a flat `key = value` file using the same names as the long
@@ -216,7 +284,9 @@ It is an ordinary foreground process:
 
 * start it, and it opens fullscreen on the chosen output
 * `SIGTERM` (or `SIGINT`/`SIGHUP`) makes it exit cleanly
-* it never exits on its own because of a missing or broken source
+* a missing or broken media source never closes the output window
+* fatal configuration, display-initialisation, or NDI-runtime errors return a
+  nonzero status instead of retrying something that cannot recover
 
 ```bash
 video-output multiview &
@@ -254,20 +324,26 @@ silently wrong monitor.
 
 | Situation | What happens |
 | --- | --- |
-| Device missing at startup | one clear error, then quiet retries with backoff (250 ms → 5 s); the window stays up and black |
+| Camera missing at startup | one clear error, then quiet retries with backoff (250 ms → 5 s); the window stays up and black |
 | Device busy | says so explicitly, keeps retrying |
 | Permission denied | tells you to join the `video` group |
-| Device unplugged while running | `signal lost` logged once, black output, reopens automatically when it returns |
+| Camera unplugged while running | `signal lost` logged once, black output, reopens automatically when it returns |
-| Malformed frame | dropped, counted, stream continues |
+| Named NDI source absent at startup | logs the search condition once, stays black, and keeps discovering in the background |
+| NDI source appears | creates the receiver automatically and begins displaying valid video |
+| NDI source disappears | marks signal lost, clears to black, rebuilds discovery/receive state, and reconnects when it returns |
+| Malformed or unsupported frame | dropped and counted; the receive process continues and stale output is not left on screen indefinitely |
+| NDI runtime missing or incompatible | the NDI command exits nonzero with the attempted runtime path/symbol in its error; non-NDI commands are unaffected |
 | Fatal decoder error | the JPEG handle is rebuilt so one bad frame cannot poison the ones after it |
 | Backend panics | caught, logged, backend restarted; the display never goes down with it |
 | No valid frame | black |
 
-Logging is edge-triggered — a camera unplugged for twenty minutes produces one
+Logging is edge-triggered — an input absent for twenty minutes produces a state
-`signal lost` line, not one per retry — plus one throughput line per minute
+transition, not a line every frame or discovery poll — plus one throughput line
-(`--stats <seconds>`, `0` disables). Set `VIDEO_OUTPUT_LOG=debug` or
+per minute (`--stats <seconds>`, `0` disables). Set `VIDEO_OUTPUT_LOG=debug` or
-`--log debug` for per-frame diagnostics. Under systemd, journald severity
+`--log debug` for additional discovery and recovery diagnostics. Frame problems
-prefixes are emitted automatically so `journalctl -p warning` filters correctly.
+are counted and reported periodically instead of logged individually. Under
+systemd, journald severity prefixes are emitted automatically so
+`journalctl -p warning` filters correctly.
 
 ---
 
@@ -277,23 +353,28 @@ prefixes are emitted automatically so `journalctl -p warning` filters correctly.
 cargo test
 ```
 
-87 tests covering CLI and profile parsing, invalid configuration, display
+The hardware-independent suite covers CLI and profile parsing, invalid
-selection (including the ambiguity rules), the frame slot's drop-stale
+configuration, deterministic display and NDI-source matching, reconnect policy,
-guarantee, backoff and signal-transition state, the V4L2 struct ABI against the
+NDI and V4L2 ABI layouts, malformed NDI layouts, both stale-frame drop points,
-kernel headers, and real JPEG decoding of all four subsampling paths — plus
+and the one-frame handoff. Process tests force an isolated missing NDI runtime
-truncation and bit-flip fuzzing to prove a corrupt frame cannot panic or wedge
+and verify both the clear NDI error and that a non-NDI command still succeeds;
-the decoder.
+on Linux, `readelf` also verifies that the executable has no `libndi` dynamic
+dependency.
+
+Camera coverage remains intact: real JPEG fixtures exercise all four
+subsampling paths, with truncation and bit-flip fuzzing to prove that corrupt
+input cannot panic or wedge the decoder.
 
 Regenerate the JPEG fixtures with `python3 tests/data/generate.py` (needs
 Pillow). They are solid green on purpose: green is what the ATEM keys on, so a
 wrong YUV matrix or range shows up in a test rather than on stage.
 
-### Manual validation on Fedora
+### Manual camera validation on Fedora
 
 Hardware paths that cannot be unit tested:
 
 ```bash
-# 1. Devices and displays are discovered
+# 1. Devices and displays are discovered.
 video-output devices
 video-output displays
 
@@ -308,7 +389,7 @@ video-output camera --device /dev/video0 --display <name> --stats 5
 # 4. Recovery: unplug the ATEM's USB cable while it runs.
 #    Expect "signal lost", black output, then "signal restored" on replug,
 #    with no restart and no repeated log lines
-# 5. Clean shutdown
+# 5. Clean shutdown.
 kill -TERM <pid>       # exits promptly, no error
 ```
 
@@ -317,6 +398,45 @@ USB, 1920x1080 MJPEG @ 29.97 — sustained 30.0 fps decoded, 0 undecodable
 frames, 0 stale buffers, 0 frames dropped before display, ~33% of one CPU core
 and ~98 MB RSS.
 
+### Manual NDI validation on Fedora
+
+First verify that the runtime loads and record the exact advertised name:
+
+```bash
+video-output ndi-sources --timeout 10
+```
+
+If the sender requires unicast discovery:
+
+```bash
+video-output ndi-sources --timeout 10 --extra-ip <ProPresenter-IP>
+```
+
+Then run the exact name on the production lower-thirds output:
+
+```bash
+video-output ndi \
+    --source "<exact advertised ProPresenter source name>" \
+    --display "HXA BMD HDMI" \
+    --stats 5
+```
+
+Confirm all of the following:
+
+1. The log names `HXA BMD HDMI`, the selected NDI source, and packed UYVY.
+2. ProPresenter graphics appear fullscreen with the correct green background
+   and no controls or OSD.
+3. Stopping the ProPresenter NDI output logs signal loss once and turns the
+   display black rather than freezing the last lower third.
+4. Restarting the same output restores video without restarting
+   `video-output`.
+5. Leaving the source unavailable at startup keeps the black window alive and
+   connects automatically when broadcasting begins.
+
+At the last validation pass, the installed NDI 6.3.2 runtime loaded correctly
+but no source was advertising. Discovery/retry and the live-video path should be
+rechecked with ProPresenter broadcasting.
+
 ---
 
 ## Troubleshooting

examples/lower-thirds.toml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ mode    = "ndi"
 # `video-output ndi-sources`. Omit entirely to take the first source found.
 source  = "ProPresenter"
 
-display = "HDMI"
+display = "HXA BMD HDMI"
 
 # Uncomment on networks where mDNS discovery does not cross subnets:
 # extra-ip = "10.0.0.42"

src/cli.rs

@@ -80,7 +80,11 @@ pub enum Command {
     /// List V4L2 capture devices and their formats, then exit.
     ListDevices,
     /// List visible NDI sources and exit.
-    ListNdiSources { timeout_secs: u64 },
+    ListNdiSources {
+        timeout_secs: u64,
+        /// Extra unicast discovery hints for networks without mDNS.
+        extra_ips: Vec<String>,
+    },
     Help,
     Version,
 }
@@ -109,7 +113,7 @@ USAGE:
     video-output <profile-name>          run a profile from the search path
     video-output displays                list connected outputs
     video-output devices                 list V4L2 capture devices and formats
-    video-output ndi-sources [--timeout S]   list visible NDI sources
+    video-output ndi-sources [options]       list visible NDI sources
 
 COMMON OPTIONS:
     --display <name|index>   output to use: connector name (HDMI-A-2),
@@ -131,6 +135,10 @@ ndi OPTIONS:
                              Default: connect to the first source found.
     --extra-ip <host>        unicast discovery hint, repeatable
 
+ndi-sources OPTIONS:
+    --timeout <seconds>      discovery time, 1..=300. Default: 5
+    --extra-ip <host>        unicast discovery hint, repeatable
+
 PROFILES:
     A profile is a small TOML-subset file of `key = value` lines using the same
     names as the long options, plus `mode = \"camera\"` or `mode = \"ndi\"`.
@@ -162,6 +170,7 @@ pub fn parse_args_with_loader(
         "devices" => return Ok(Command::ListDevices),
         "ndi-sources" => {
             let mut timeout_secs = 5;
+            let mut extra_ips = Vec::new();
             let mut i = 1;
             while i < args.len() {
                 match args[i].as_str() {
@@ -170,12 +179,18 @@ pub fn parse_args_with_loader(
                         timeout_secs = v
                             .parse::<u64>()
                             .map_err(|_| ParseError(format!("--timeout expects seconds, got {v:?}")))?;
+                        if !(1..=300).contains(&timeout_secs) {
+                            return err(format!("--timeout must be between 1 and 300 seconds, got {v:?}"));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    "--extra-ip" => {
+                        extra_ips.push(next_value(args, &mut i, "--extra-ip")?.to_string());
                     }
                     other => return err(format!("unknown option {other:?} for `ndi-sources`")),
                 }
                 i += 1;
             }
-            return Ok(Command::ListNdiSources { timeout_secs });
+            return Ok(Command::ListNdiSources { timeout_secs, extra_ips });
         }
         _ => {}
     }

src/frame.rs

@@ -92,12 +92,16 @@ pub struct PlaneLayout {
 /// key colour enough to matter.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
 pub enum Colorspace {
+    /// Standard sRGB. Used for frames that have already been converted to RGB.
+    Srgb,
     /// BT.601 primaries, full range. What JFIF/MJPEG encodes.
     Jpeg,
     /// BT.601 primaries, studio range. NDI sources at SD resolutions.
     Bt601Limited,
     /// BT.709 primaries, studio range. NDI sources at HD resolutions.
     Bt709Limited,
+    /// BT.2020 primaries, studio range. NDI sources at UHD resolutions.
+    Bt2020Limited,
 }
 
 pub struct Frame {

src/inputs/mjpeg.rs

@@ -348,9 +348,7 @@ impl MjpegDecoder {
             width: info.width,
             height: info.height,
             format,
-            // JFIF is BT.601 primaries at full range regardless of subsampling.
+            colorspace: output_colorspace(format),
-            // Grayscale still rides the BGRX path, where the matrix is unused.
-            colorspace: Colorspace::Jpeg,
             layout,
             data: buf,
             seq,
@@ -461,6 +459,16 @@ impl MjpegDecoder {
     }
 }
 
+/// SDL needs the colorspace of the pixels it receives, not the JPEG source.
+/// Planar and packed YUV remain full-range JFIF, while TurboJPEG's BGRX
+/// fallback has already been converted to standard RGB.
+fn output_colorspace(format: PixelFormat) -> Colorspace {
+    match format {
+        PixelFormat::Bgrx => Colorspace::Srgb,
+        PixelFormat::Yuy2 | PixelFormat::Uyvy | PixelFormat::I420 => Colorspace::Jpeg,
+    }
+}
+
 impl Drop for MjpegDecoder {
     fn drop(&mut self) {
         if !self.handle.is_null() {
@@ -530,6 +538,13 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn decoded_rgb_is_srgb_while_yuv_keeps_jpeg_colorspace() {
+        assert_eq!(output_colorspace(PixelFormat::Bgrx), Colorspace::Srgb);
+        assert_eq!(output_colorspace(PixelFormat::Yuy2), Colorspace::Jpeg);
+        assert_eq!(output_colorspace(PixelFormat::I420), Colorspace::Jpeg);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn subsamp_and_colorspace_names_are_human_readable() {
         let i = JpegInfo { width: 2, height: 2, subsamp: TJSAMP_422, colorspace: TJCS_YCBCR };

src/inputs/mod.rs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 pub mod mjpeg;
 pub mod ndi;
+pub mod ndi_sys;
 pub mod v4l2;
 pub mod v4l2_sys;
 

src/inputs/ndi_sys.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,463 @@
+//! NDI ABI and runtime loader.
+//!
+//! `libndi` is loaded with `dlopen` at runtime rather than linked, so a machine
+//! without the NDI SDK still runs the camera backend perfectly — only the NDI
+//! subcommands report that the library is missing.
+//!
+//! All 152 NDI entry points are exported individually from `libndi.so.6`, so
+//! each needed function is resolved with `dlsym` directly. The
+//! `NDIlib_v6`/`NDIlib_v6_load` function-pointer table is deliberately NOT
+//! used: it is a large struct whose layout would have to be mirrored exactly,
+//! and mirroring it buys nothing here.
+//!
+//! Every struct layout below was taken from this machine's SDK headers with
+//! `offsetof`/`sizeof` (NDI 6.3.2) and is pinned by the compile-time
+//! assertions at the bottom.
+
+#![allow(non_camel_case_types)]
+
+use std::ffi::{c_char, c_int, c_void, CStr, CString};
+use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::sync::OnceLock;
+
+// --- opaque instance handles ------------------------------------------------
+
+pub type NDIlib_find_instance_t = *mut c_void;
+pub type NDIlib_recv_instance_t = *mut c_void;
+
+// --- enums ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+pub const NDILIB_FRAME_TYPE_NONE: c_int = 0;
+pub const NDILIB_FRAME_TYPE_VIDEO: c_int = 1;
+pub const NDILIB_FRAME_TYPE_AUDIO: c_int = 2;
+pub const NDILIB_FRAME_TYPE_METADATA: c_int = 3;
+pub const NDILIB_FRAME_TYPE_ERROR: c_int = 4;
+pub const NDILIB_FRAME_TYPE_STATUS_CHANGE: c_int = 100;
+pub const NDILIB_FRAME_TYPE_SOURCE_CHANGE: c_int = 101;
+
+/// Use the SDK's native decode layout: normally UYVY without alpha and UYVA
+/// with alpha. This is the NDI SDK's lowest-latency receive mode.
+///
+/// The SDK treats `allow_video_fields` as true in this mode, so callers must
+/// inspect `frame_format_type` if they support interlaced sources.
+pub const NDILIB_RECV_COLOR_FORMAT_FASTEST: c_int = 100;
+
+pub const NDILIB_RECV_BANDWIDTH_HIGHEST: c_int = 100;
+
+pub const NDILIB_FRAME_FORMAT_INTERLEAVED: c_int = 0;
+pub const NDILIB_FRAME_FORMAT_PROGRESSIVE: c_int = 1;
+pub const NDILIB_FRAME_FORMAT_FIELD_0: c_int = 2;
+pub const NDILIB_FRAME_FORMAT_FIELD_1: c_int = 3;
+
+// --- FourCC -----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+pub const fn fourcc(c: &[u8; 4]) -> c_int {
+    ((c[0] as u32) | ((c[1] as u32) << 8) | ((c[2] as u32) << 16) | ((c[3] as u32) << 24)) as c_int
+}
+
+pub const NDILIB_FOURCC_UYVY: c_int = fourcc(b"UYVY");
+pub const NDILIB_FOURCC_UYVA: c_int = fourcc(b"UYVA");
+pub const NDILIB_FOURCC_BGRA: c_int = fourcc(b"BGRA");
+pub const NDILIB_FOURCC_BGRX: c_int = fourcc(b"BGRX");
+pub const NDILIB_FOURCC_RGBA: c_int = fourcc(b"RGBA");
+pub const NDILIB_FOURCC_RGBX: c_int = fourcc(b"RGBX");
+pub const NDILIB_FOURCC_I420: c_int = fourcc(b"I420");
+pub const NDILIB_FOURCC_YV12: c_int = fourcc(b"YV12");
+pub const NDILIB_FOURCC_NV12: c_int = fourcc(b"NV12");
+pub const NDILIB_FOURCC_P216: c_int = fourcc(b"P216");
+pub const NDILIB_FOURCC_PA16: c_int = fourcc(b"PA16");
+
+pub fn fourcc_str(v: c_int) -> String {
+    let v = v as u32;
+    [v as u8, (v >> 8) as u8, (v >> 16) as u8, (v >> 24) as u8]
+        .iter()
+        .map(|&c| if c.is_ascii_graphic() { c as char } else { '?' })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+// --- structs ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct NDIlib_source_t {
+    pub p_ndi_name: *const c_char,
+    /// Union of `p_url_address` and the deprecated `p_ip_address`.
+    pub p_url_address: *const c_char,
+}
+
+impl Default for NDIlib_source_t {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        NDIlib_source_t {
+            p_ndi_name: std::ptr::null(),
+            p_url_address: std::ptr::null(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t {
+    pub xres: c_int,
+    pub yres: c_int,
+    pub four_cc: c_int,
+    pub frame_rate_n: c_int,
+    pub frame_rate_d: c_int,
+    pub picture_aspect_ratio: f32,
+    pub frame_format_type: c_int,
+    pub timecode: i64,
+    pub p_data: *mut u8,
+    /// Union of `line_stride_in_bytes` and `data_size_in_bytes`; which member
+    /// is meaningful depends on the FourCC.
+    pub line_stride_in_bytes: c_int,
+    pub p_metadata: *const c_char,
+    pub timestamp: i64,
+}
+
+impl Default for NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        // SAFETY: an all-zero video frame is the documented "empty" value and
+        // contains no invalid niches (raw pointers may be null).
+        unsafe { std::mem::zeroed() }
+    }
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct NDIlib_recv_create_v3_t {
+    pub source_to_connect_to: NDIlib_source_t,
+    pub color_format: c_int,
+    pub bandwidth: c_int,
+    pub allow_video_fields: bool,
+    pub p_ndi_recv_name: *const c_char,
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct NDIlib_find_create_t {
+    pub show_local_sources: bool,
+    pub p_groups: *const c_char,
+    pub p_extra_ips: *const c_char,
+}
+
+/// Current number of frames buffered inside an NDI receiver.
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct NDIlib_recv_queue_t {
+    pub video_frames: c_int,
+    pub audio_frames: c_int,
+    pub metadata_frames: c_int,
+}
+
+// --- runtime loader ---------------------------------------------------------
+
+type FnInitialize = unsafe extern "C" fn() -> bool;
+type FnDestroy = unsafe extern "C" fn();
+type FnVersion = unsafe extern "C" fn() -> *const c_char;
+type FnIsSupportedCpu = unsafe extern "C" fn() -> bool;
+type FnFindCreateV2 = unsafe extern "C" fn(*const NDIlib_find_create_t) -> NDIlib_find_instance_t;
+type FnFindDestroy = unsafe extern "C" fn(NDIlib_find_instance_t);
+type FnFindWaitForSources = unsafe extern "C" fn(NDIlib_find_instance_t, u32) -> bool;
+type FnFindGetCurrentSources =
+    unsafe extern "C" fn(NDIlib_find_instance_t, *mut u32) -> *const NDIlib_source_t;
+type FnRecvCreateV3 = unsafe extern "C" fn(*const NDIlib_recv_create_v3_t) -> NDIlib_recv_instance_t;
+type FnRecvDestroy = unsafe extern "C" fn(NDIlib_recv_instance_t);
+type FnRecvCaptureV3 = unsafe extern "C" fn(
+    NDIlib_recv_instance_t,
+    *mut NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t,
+    *mut c_void, // audio: always NULL here
+    *mut c_void, // metadata: always NULL here
+    u32,
+) -> c_int;
+type FnRecvFreeVideoV2 =
+    unsafe extern "C" fn(NDIlib_recv_instance_t, *const NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t);
+type FnRecvGetNoConnections = unsafe extern "C" fn(NDIlib_recv_instance_t) -> c_int;
+type FnRecvGetQueue = unsafe extern "C" fn(NDIlib_recv_instance_t, *mut NDIlib_recv_queue_t);
+
+/// Resolved entry points into `libndi`.
+///
+/// The `dlopen` handle is intentionally never closed. The SDK starts background
+/// threads that outlive any single receiver, so unloading the library is not
+/// supported; the handle is released when the process exits.
+pub struct NdiLib {
+    /// Keeps every resolved function pointer mapped for this process's life.
+    _handle: *mut c_void,
+    pub initialize: FnInitialize,
+    pub destroy: FnDestroy,
+    pub version: FnVersion,
+    pub is_supported_cpu: FnIsSupportedCpu,
+    pub find_create_v2: FnFindCreateV2,
+    pub find_destroy: FnFindDestroy,
+    pub find_wait_for_sources: FnFindWaitForSources,
+    pub find_get_current_sources: FnFindGetCurrentSources,
+    pub recv_create_v3: FnRecvCreateV3,
+    pub recv_destroy: FnRecvDestroy,
+    pub recv_capture_v3: FnRecvCaptureV3,
+    pub recv_free_video_v2: FnRecvFreeVideoV2,
+    pub recv_get_no_connections: FnRecvGetNoConnections,
+    pub recv_get_queue: FnRecvGetQueue,
+}
+
+// SAFETY: the entries are plain code pointers into a library that stays mapped
+// for the life of the process, and the NDI API is documented as thread-safe
+// per instance.
+unsafe impl Send for NdiLib {}
+unsafe impl Sync for NdiLib {}
+
+/// Candidate v6 sonames, most specific first.
+const SONAMES: [&str; 2] = ["libndi.so.6", "libndi.so"];
+
+static LIB: OnceLock<Result<NdiLib, String>> = OnceLock::new();
+
+/// Loads `libndi` once per process. Repeated calls return the same result,
+/// including the same failure, so a retry loop cannot thrash `dlopen`.
+pub fn lib() -> Result<&'static NdiLib, &'static str> {
+    match LIB.get_or_init(load) {
+        Ok(l) => Ok(l),
+        Err(e) => Err(e.as_str()),
+    }
+}
+
+fn load() -> Result<NdiLib, String> {
+    load_from_candidates(&runtime_candidates())
+}
+
+/// Resolves the exact paths to try. The SDK documents `NDI_RUNTIME_DIR_V6` as
+/// an explicit runtime directory, so when it is set we do not silently fall
+/// back to a different system installation.
+fn runtime_candidates() -> Vec<PathBuf> {
+    match std::env::var_os("NDI_RUNTIME_DIR_V6") {
+        Some(dir) => SONAMES
+            .iter()
+            .map(|name| PathBuf::from(&dir).join(name))
+            .collect(),
+        None => SONAMES.iter().map(PathBuf::from).collect(),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Tries the supplied runtime paths in order.
+///
+/// Kept separate from environment handling so the missing-runtime path can be
+/// tested on a machine that happens to have NDI installed.
+fn load_from_candidates(candidates: &[PathBuf]) -> Result<NdiLib, String> {
+    let mut failures = Vec::with_capacity(candidates.len());
+
+    for path in candidates {
+        let handle = match dlopen_path(path) {
+            Ok(handle) => handle,
+            Err(e) => {
+                failures.push(format!("{} ({e})", path.display()));
+                continue;
+            }
+        };
+
+        match resolve(handle) {
+            Ok(lib) => return Ok(lib),
+            Err(e) => {
+                // SAFETY: no function pointer escaped `resolve`, and the SDK
+                // was not initialised, so this unsuccessful handle may be
+                // closed before trying another candidate.
+                unsafe { libc::dlclose(handle) };
+                failures.push(format!("{} ({e})", path.display()));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    let attempted = if failures.is_empty() {
+        "no candidate paths were provided".to_string()
+    } else {
+        failures.join("; ")
+    };
+    Err(format!(
+        "could not load the NDI v6 runtime: {attempted}. Install the NDI SDK for Linux and put \
+         libndi.so.6 on the loader path (for example in /usr/local/lib followed by `sudo ldconfig`), \
+         or set NDI_RUNTIME_DIR_V6 to the directory containing it."
+    ))
+}
+
+fn dlopen_path(path: &Path) -> Result<*mut c_void, String> {
+    let c = CString::new(path.as_os_str().as_bytes())
+        .map_err(|_| format!("runtime path contains a NUL byte: {}", path.display()))?;
+    // SAFETY: `c` is a valid NUL-terminated path for the duration of the call.
+    // Clearing dlerror first ensures a failure below reports this operation.
+    let handle = unsafe {
+        libc::dlerror();
+        libc::dlopen(c.as_ptr(), libc::RTLD_LOCAL | libc::RTLD_LAZY)
+    };
+    if handle.is_null() {
+        Err(last_dl_error())
+    } else {
+        Ok(handle)
+    }
+}
+
+fn last_dl_error() -> String {
+    // SAFETY: dlerror returns either NULL or a thread-local NUL-terminated
+    // diagnostic string that remains valid until the next loader operation.
+    let p = unsafe { libc::dlerror() };
+    if p.is_null() {
+        "unknown dynamic-loader error".into()
+    } else {
+        unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(p) }.to_string_lossy().into_owned()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Resolves one symbol or reports which one was missing.
+fn sym(handle: *mut c_void, name: &str) -> Result<*mut c_void, String> {
+    let c = CString::new(name).map_err(|_| format!("bad symbol name {name}"))?;
+    // SAFETY: `handle` came from a successful dlopen and `c` is a valid
+    // NUL-terminated symbol name.
+    let p = unsafe {
+        libc::dlerror();
+        libc::dlsym(handle, c.as_ptr())
+    };
+    if p.is_null() {
+        Err(format!("missing symbol {name}: {}", last_dl_error()))
+    } else {
+        Ok(p)
+    }
+}
+
+fn resolve(handle: *mut c_void) -> Result<NdiLib, String> {
+    // SAFETY: each symbol is transmuted to the signature declared in
+    // Processing.NDI.*.h for that exact name. The caller retains `handle` on
+    // success and closes it if any lookup fails.
+    unsafe {
+        Ok(NdiLib {
+            _handle: handle,
+            initialize: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnInitialize>(sym(
+                handle,
+                "NDIlib_initialize",
+            )?),
+            destroy: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnDestroy>(sym(handle, "NDIlib_destroy")?),
+            version: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnVersion>(sym(handle, "NDIlib_version")?),
+            is_supported_cpu: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnIsSupportedCpu>(sym(
+                handle,
+                "NDIlib_is_supported_CPU",
+            )?),
+            find_create_v2: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnFindCreateV2>(sym(
+                handle,
+                "NDIlib_find_create_v2",
+            )?),
+            find_destroy: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnFindDestroy>(sym(handle, "NDIlib_find_destroy")?),
+            find_wait_for_sources: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnFindWaitForSources>(sym(
+                handle,
+                "NDIlib_find_wait_for_sources",
+            )?),
+            find_get_current_sources: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnFindGetCurrentSources>(sym(
+                handle,
+                "NDIlib_find_get_current_sources",
+            )?),
+            recv_create_v3: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnRecvCreateV3>(sym(
+                handle,
+                "NDIlib_recv_create_v3",
+            )?),
+            recv_destroy: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnRecvDestroy>(sym(handle, "NDIlib_recv_destroy")?),
+            recv_capture_v3: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnRecvCaptureV3>(sym(
+                handle,
+                "NDIlib_recv_capture_v3",
+            )?),
+            recv_free_video_v2: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnRecvFreeVideoV2>(sym(
+                handle,
+                "NDIlib_recv_free_video_v2",
+            )?),
+            recv_get_no_connections: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnRecvGetNoConnections>(sym(
+                handle,
+                "NDIlib_recv_get_no_connections",
+            )?),
+            recv_get_queue: std::mem::transmute::<*mut c_void, FnRecvGetQueue>(sym(
+                handle,
+                "NDIlib_recv_get_queue",
+            )?),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// Reads a NUL-terminated C string that the NDI SDK owns into an owned String.
+///
+/// Every string the SDK hands back is borrowed from its own storage, so it must
+/// be copied before the owning instance is touched again.
+pub fn owned_string(p: *const c_char) -> Option<String> {
+    if p.is_null() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    // SAFETY: caller guarantees `p` is a live NUL-terminated string.
+    Some(unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(p) }.to_string_lossy().into_owned())
+}
+
+// Layouts captured from NDI 6.3.2 headers on x86_64 via offsetof/sizeof.
+const _: () = {
+    use std::mem::size_of;
+    assert!(size_of::<NDIlib_source_t>() == 16);
+    assert!(size_of::<NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t>() == 72);
+    assert!(size_of::<NDIlib_recv_create_v3_t>() == 40);
+    assert!(size_of::<NDIlib_find_create_t>() == 24);
+    assert!(size_of::<NDIlib_recv_queue_t>() == 12);
+};
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use std::mem::offset_of;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn layout_matches_the_ndi_sdk_abi() {
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_source_t, p_url_address), 8);
+
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, xres), 0);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, yres), 4);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, four_cc), 8);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, frame_rate_n), 12);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, frame_rate_d), 16);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, picture_aspect_ratio), 20);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, frame_format_type), 24);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, timecode), 32);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, p_data), 40);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, line_stride_in_bytes), 48);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, p_metadata), 56);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_video_frame_v2_t, timestamp), 64);
+
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_recv_create_v3_t, source_to_connect_to), 0);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_recv_create_v3_t, color_format), 16);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_recv_create_v3_t, bandwidth), 20);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_recv_create_v3_t, allow_video_fields), 24);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_recv_create_v3_t, p_ndi_recv_name), 32);
+
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_find_create_t, show_local_sources), 0);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_find_create_t, p_groups), 8);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_find_create_t, p_extra_ips), 16);
+
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_recv_queue_t, video_frames), 0);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_recv_queue_t, audio_frames), 4);
+        assert_eq!(offset_of!(NDIlib_recv_queue_t, metadata_frames), 8);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn fourcc_values_match_the_sdk() {
+        assert_eq!(NDILIB_FOURCC_UYVY, 0x5956_5955);
+        assert_eq!(NDILIB_FOURCC_BGRA, 0x4152_4742);
+        assert_eq!(NDILIB_FOURCC_BGRX, 0x5852_4742);
+        assert_eq!(NDILIB_FOURCC_UYVA, 0x4156_5955);
+        assert_eq!(fourcc_str(NDILIB_FOURCC_UYVY), "UYVY");
+        assert_eq!(fourcc_str(NDILIB_FOURCC_BGRA), "BGRA");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn owned_string_handles_null() {
+        assert_eq!(owned_string(std::ptr::null()), None);
+        let c = CString::new("MACBOOK-PRO (OBS)").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(owned_string(c.as_ptr()).as_deref(), Some("MACBOOK-PRO (OBS)"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn missing_runtime_error_names_the_candidate_and_remedy() {
+        let missing = PathBuf::from("/proc/video-output-missing-runtime/libndi.so.6");
+        let err = match load_from_candidates(std::slice::from_ref(&missing)) {
+            Ok(_) => panic!("the deliberately missing runtime unexpectedly loaded"),
+            Err(e) => e,
+        };
+        assert!(err.contains("could not load the NDI v6 runtime"), "{err}");
+        assert!(err.contains(&missing.display().to_string()), "{err}");
+        assert!(err.contains("NDI_RUNTIME_DIR_V6"), "{err}");
+    }
+}

src/main.rs

@@ -230,6 +230,16 @@ fn render_loop(win: &mut Renderer, slot: &FrameSlot, signal: &SignalState) -> i3
         }
 
         match slot.take_timeout(wait) {
+            Some(frame) if !signal.is_active() => {
+                // A loss notification can race with the one frame still in
+                // the mailbox. Never flash that stale frame after the source
+                // has gone inactive.
+                slot.recycle(frame.data);
+                if !showing_black {
+                    win.clear_black();
+                    showing_black = true;
+                }
+            }
             Some(frame) => match win.draw(&frame) {
                 Ok(()) => {
                     showing_black = false;

src/renderer.rs

@@ -132,9 +132,11 @@ fn sdl_format(f: PixelFormat) -> SDL_PixelFormat {
 
 fn sdl_colorspace(c: Colorspace) -> SDL_Colorspace {
     match c {
+        Colorspace::Srgb => SDL_COLORSPACE_SRGB,
         Colorspace::Jpeg => SDL_COLORSPACE_JPEG,
         Colorspace::Bt601Limited => SDL_COLORSPACE_BT601_LIMITED,
         Colorspace::Bt709Limited => SDL_COLORSPACE_BT709_LIMITED,
+        Colorspace::Bt2020Limited => SDL_COLORSPACE_BT2020_LIMITED,
     }
 }
 
@@ -470,8 +472,10 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn colorspaces_map_to_the_matching_sdl_colorspace() {
+        assert_eq!(sdl_colorspace(Colorspace::Srgb).0, SDL_COLORSPACE_SRGB.0);
         assert_eq!(sdl_colorspace(Colorspace::Jpeg).0, SDL_COLORSPACE_JPEG.0);
         assert_eq!(sdl_colorspace(Colorspace::Bt601Limited).0, SDL_COLORSPACE_BT601_LIMITED.0);
         assert_eq!(sdl_colorspace(Colorspace::Bt709Limited).0, SDL_COLORSPACE_BT709_LIMITED.0);
+        assert_eq!(sdl_colorspace(Colorspace::Bt2020Limited).0, SDL_COLORSPACE_BT2020_LIMITED.0);
     }
 }

tests/cli.rs

@@ -42,14 +42,44 @@ fn bare_subcommands_are_recognised() {
     assert_eq!(parse_args(&args(&["--version"])).unwrap(), Command::Version);
     assert_eq!(
         parse_args(&args(&["ndi-sources"])).unwrap(),
-        Command::ListNdiSources { timeout_secs: 5 }
+        Command::ListNdiSources { timeout_secs: 5, extra_ips: Vec::new() }
     );
     assert_eq!(
         parse_args(&args(&["ndi-sources", "--timeout", "20"])).unwrap(),
-        Command::ListNdiSources { timeout_secs: 20 }
+        Command::ListNdiSources { timeout_secs: 20, extra_ips: Vec::new() }
     );
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn ndi_sources_accepts_repeated_unicast_hints() {
+    assert_eq!(
+        parse_args(&args(&[
+            "ndi-sources", "--extra-ip", "10.0.0.5", "--timeout", "8",
+            "--extra-ip", "ndi.example.test",
+        ]))
+        .unwrap(),
+        Command::ListNdiSources {
+            timeout_secs: 8,
+            extra_ips: vec!["10.0.0.5".into(), "ndi.example.test".into()],
+        }
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        parse_args(&args(&["ndi-sources", "--timeout", "300"])).unwrap(),
+        Command::ListNdiSources { timeout_secs: 300, extra_ips: Vec::new() }
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn ndi_sources_rejects_bad_options_and_values() {
+    assert!(parse_args(&args(&["ndi-sources", "--timeout"])).is_err());
+    assert!(parse_args(&args(&["ndi-sources", "--timeout", "soon"])).is_err());
+    assert!(parse_args(&args(&["ndi-sources", "--timeout", "0"])).is_err());
+    assert!(parse_args(&args(&["ndi-sources", "--timeout", "301"])).is_err());
+    assert!(parse_args(&args(&["ndi-sources", "--timeout", "18446744073709551615"])).is_err());
+    assert!(parse_args(&args(&["ndi-sources", "--extra-ip"])).is_err());
+    assert!(parse_args(&args(&["ndi-sources", "--source", "anything"])).is_err());
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn no_arguments_is_an_error_with_usage() {
     let e = parse_args(&[]).unwrap_err();

tests/ndi_runtime.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+//! Process-level checks for the NDI runtime boundary.
+//!
+//! These deliberately run the real binary in fresh processes so the loader's
+//! one-time cache cannot leak from one assertion into another.
+
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::process::Command;
+use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
+
+fn binary() -> &'static str {
+    env!("CARGO_BIN_EXE_video-output")
+}
+
+fn definitely_missing_runtime_dir() -> PathBuf {
+    let nonce = SystemTime::now()
+        .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
+        .expect("the system clock should be after 1970")
+        .as_nanos();
+    std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
+        "video-output-missing-ndi-runtime-{}-{nonce}",
+        std::process::id()
+    ))
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn missing_ndi_runtime_is_clear_and_does_not_affect_non_ndi_commands() {
+    let missing = definitely_missing_runtime_dir();
+
+    let ndi = Command::new(binary())
+        .args(["ndi-sources", "--timeout", "1"])
+        .env("NDI_RUNTIME_DIR_V6", &missing)
+        .env_remove("JOURNAL_STREAM")
+        .output()
+        .expect("run video-output ndi-sources");
+    assert!(!ndi.status.success(), "NDI discovery must fail without its runtime");
+
+    let diagnostic = format!(
+        "{}{}",
+        String::from_utf8_lossy(&ndi.stdout),
+        String::from_utf8_lossy(&ndi.stderr)
+    )
+    .to_ascii_lowercase();
+    assert!(
+        diagnostic.contains("could not load the ndi runtime"),
+        "expected a clear NDI loader error, got: {diagnostic}"
+    );
+
+    let version = Command::new(binary())
+        .arg("--version")
+        .env("NDI_RUNTIME_DIR_V6", &missing)
+        .env_remove("JOURNAL_STREAM")
+        .output()
+        .expect("run video-output --version");
+    assert!(
+        version.status.success(),
+        "a missing NDI runtime must not affect non-NDI commands: {}",
+        String::from_utf8_lossy(&version.stderr)
+    );
+    assert!(String::from_utf8_lossy(&version.stdout).contains("video-output"));
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+#[test]
+fn elf_has_no_hard_dependency_on_libndi() {
+    let output = match Command::new("readelf").args(["-d", binary()]).output() {
+        Ok(output) => output,
+        Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => {
+            eprintln!("skipping ELF dependency check: readelf is not installed");
+            return;
+        }
+        Err(e) => panic!("could not run readelf: {e}"),
+    };
+    assert!(
+        output.status.success(),
+        "readelf failed: {}",
+        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
+    );
+
+    let dynamic = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
+    let needed: Vec<&str> = dynamic.lines().filter(|line| line.contains("(NEEDED)")).collect();
+    assert!(
+        needed.iter().all(|line| !line.to_ascii_lowercase().contains("libndi")),
+        "binary acquired a hard NDI dependency:\n{}",
+        needed.join("\n")
+    );
+}